Project Overview
An NHS Integrated Care Board managing secondary care referrals for a population of 680,000 people wanted to re...
Technology Stack
Compliance & Standards
The Challenge
An NHS Integrated Care Board managing secondary care referrals for a population of 680,000 people wanted to replace the NHS e-Referral Service (eRS) paper-based pathway with a digital referral management platform — improving referral quality, reducing inappropriate referrals, and providing GP with real-time consultant availability. NHS e-Referral Service FHIR R4 integration, NHS login, DTAC all 5 domains, DCB0129 clinical safety for referral decision support, and WCAG 2.1 AA were the requirements. Budget: £85,000.
Our Approach
NHS eRS FHIR R4 API
- create referral (POST ServiceRequest), retrieve referral status (GET ServiceRequest/{id}), search appointment slots (GET Slot), book appointment (POST Appointment), and retrieve consultant availability (GET Schedule).
- UBRN (Unique Booking Reference Number): assigned at referral creation — tracked throughout pathway. e
RS attachment
supporting clinical documents (investigation results, clinic letters) attached to referral as FHIR DocumentReference.
Referral quality improvement
GPwSI (GP with Specialist Interest) referral guidelines embedded as checklist — GP confirms required investigations completed before referral.
Red flag symptom check
structured red flag assessment (NICE guidelines) — red flag pathway automatically directed to 2-week wait (2WW) urgent referral stream.
Threshold adherence
specialty-specific referral criteria embedded (orthopedics: walking ≤ 200m, conservative treatment ≥ 3 months).
GP portal
real-time consultant availability (wait time by specialty, by consultant, by site), referral status tracking (referred, appointment booked, attended, rejected), and ICB-level wait time benchmarks.
Feedback loop
- consultant rejection reasons fed back to GP with clinical guidance — learning loop reduces rejection rate over time.
- RTT (Referral to Treatment): automatic RTT clock start at referral creation, RTT pathway tracking per patient.
- DCB0129 Clinical Safety —
Highest clinical safety hazard
decision support tool inappropriately blocking an urgent referral.
Mitigation
all decision support is advisory — GP can override any recommendation with documented reason.
Safety design principle
errors of omission (not referring when should) are more dangerous than errors of commission — decision support nudges towards referral, never blocks.
Clinical Safety Officer
GP clinical lead with eRS experience.
The Results
DTAC approved all 5 domains.
Platform live at 14 weeks, £78,000 — under budget.
Referral rejection rate: 18% → 7% (referral quality improvement from embedded criteria). 2WW urgent pathway compliance: 94% correctly triaged (target: 90%).
RTT compliance: ICB RTT performance improved 4.2 percentage points.
GP satisfaction: 4.3/5.
WCAG 2.1 AA: zero non-compliances.
Inappropriate referral volume: 23% reduction — releasing consultant capacity.
“23% reduction in inappropriate referrals releasing consultant capacity. 18% rejection rate down to 7% — that is 11 percentage points of GP time saved from rejected referrals. RTT performance up 4.2 percentage points — in NHS planning, that is a material improvement. DTAC first attempt. The 2WW triaging accuracy of 94% is what matters clinically." — Chief Medical Officer, NHS Integrated Care Board (name withheld)”
Project Details
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